Choosing the Right Water Well Pump for Your Home

If you rely on a well for your home's water supply, choosing the right pump is essential to ensure a steady and reliable water flow. But with several types of well pumps available, it can be challenging to know which one is best for your needs. This guide will break down the main types of water well pumps and offer simple tips on how to choose the right one for your home.

1. Understanding Well Depth: Shallow vs. Deep Wells

One of the first steps in choosing the right well pump is understanding your well depth. This is important because different pumps are designed to work at different depths. Generally, well depths can be categorized as follows:

• Shallow wells: Less than 25 feet deep.

• Deep wells: More than 25 feet deep.

Knowing the depth of your well will narrow down your choices to the types of pumps that work at that specific depth.

2. Types of Water Well Pumps

There are three main types of well pumps commonly used for residential properties: Jet pumps, Submersible pumps, and Convertible jet pumps.

A. Jet Pumps

Jet pumps are typically installed above the well and use suction to pull water up. They work well for shallow wells, but some models can work for deeper wells, up to around 25 feet.

Pros of Jet Pumps:

• Affordable and simple to install.

• Easy to maintain.

Cons of Jet Pumps:

• Limited to shallow wells unless using a convertible jet pump.

• Can lose efficiency if the water level drops below their reach.

B. Submersible Pumps

Submersible pumps are installed directly inside the well, fully submerged in water. They push water up rather than pulling it, making them more efficient for deep wells (usually 25 feet or deeper).

Pros of Submersible Pumps:

• Excellent for deep wells; works up to several hundred feet.

• Efficient and reliable.

• Lasts longer since it's submerged and not exposed to air.

Cons of Submersible Pumps:

• More challenging to install and maintain.

• Higher initial cost.

C. Convertible Jet Pumps

Convertible jet pumps can be used for both shallow and deep wells, depending on how they are set up. They are versatile but work best for depths up to around 90 feet.

Pros of Convertible Jet Pumps:

• Works for a range of depths.

• Can be reconfigured as needed.

Cons of Convertible Jet Pumps:

• Can be less efficient than a specialized pump for deeper wells.

• Installation may be more complex.

3. Factors to Consider When Choosing a Well Pump

With your well depth and pump types in mind, here are a few other things to consider:

• Flow Rate: This is the amount of water your household needs, measured in gallons per minute (GPM). For a typical household, a flow rate between 5-12 GPM is usually enough. Higher flow rates are needed if you have more fixtures, bathrooms, or water-dependent appliances.

• Power Source: Most pumps run on electricity, so ensure your electrical system is compatible. Solar-powered pumps are also available if you're looking for an off-grid solution.

• Pump Material: Look for pumps made of corrosion-resistant materials, especially if your water is high in minerals. Stainless steel is often a good choice for durability.

4. Do You Need a Pressure Tank?

Most well systems will require a pressure tank, which helps maintain consistent water pressure and prolongs the life of the pump. The tank stores water and releases it when needed, so the pump doesn't have to start and stop constantly, which can wear it out faster.

5. Installation and Maintenance Tips

Once you choose your pump, consider professional installation, especially for deeper wells or submersible pumps. Proper installation is key to ensuring the pump operates efficiently. Routine maintenance, such as checking the pressure switch, ensuring no leaks in the system, and keeping the well cap clean, can help extend the life of your pump.

Conclusion

Choosing the right well pump depends mainly on your well depth, your household water needs, and the type of pump that suits your setup. Submersible pumps are best for deep wells, jet pumps are great for shallow ones, and convertible jet pumps offer flexibility for various depths. Keep your family’s water needs in mind, and don't hesitate to consult a professional to ensure you get the pump that will serve you best.

With a suitable well pump, you’ll enjoy reliable access to water, whether it’s for drinking, showering, or watering your garden.